In this paper, by introducing two virtual decision-making units (DMUs) called ideal DMU (IDMU) and anti-ideal DMU (ADMU) with fuzzy inputs-outputs, the efficiency evaluation of DMUs are done by fuzzy data envelopment ...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a widely used mathematical programming approach for evaluating the relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs) in organizations. Crisp input and output data are fundamentally ...

Crisp input and output data are fundamentally indispensable in traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA). However, the input and output data in real-world problems are often imprecise or ambiguous. Some researchers have ...