A quantitative longitudinal study to explore factors which influence maternal self-efficacy among Chinese primiparous women during the initial postpartum period

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Date
2017-12-21Abstract
Background: parenting during infancy is highly problematic for Chinese primiparous women. As an important
determinant of good parenting, maternal self-efficacy (MSE) should be paid more attention by researchers. At
present, the limitations of previous research about MSE during infancy are that the factors which influence MSE
remained poorly explored, there were few studies with Chinese women, and the studies did not consider the
effect of different cultures.
Objectives: to explore factors which influence MSE in primiparous women in China in the first three months
postnatally.
Methods: a quantitative longitudinal study using questionnaires was conducted. In total, 420 Chinese
primiparous women were recruited in obstetric wards at three hospitals in Xiamen City, Fujian Province of
China. Initial baseline questionnaires to measure socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were
distributed to participants face-to-face by the researcher on the postnatal ward at three days postnatally.
Follow-up questionnaires at six and 12 weeks postnatally were sent via e-mail by the researcher to participants,
including the Self-efficacy in Infant Care Scale (SICS), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and
the Postpartum Social Support Scale (PSSS) to measure MSE, postnatal depression symptoms and social
support, respectively. These were returned by participants via e-mail. Quantitative data were analysed using
SPSS.
Results: the variables: social support, women's satisfaction with ‘Doing the month’, postnatal depression,
maternal education, baby health, and maternal occupation had an influence on MSE at six weeks postnatally
(Adjusted R2 = 0.510, F = 46.084, P < 0.01); and the variables: postnatal depression, social support, baby
health, women's satisfaction with ‘Doing the month’, and baby fussiness were the factors influencing MSE at 12
weeks postnatally (Adjusted R2 = 0.485, F = 41.082, P < 0.01).
Conclusions: obstetric nurses and women's family members need to be aware of the significant contribution of
social support, women's satisfaction with ‘Doing the month’ in positively influencing primiparous women's
MSE, and the significant effect of postnatal depression symptoms in negatively impacting on first-time mothers’
MSE; they should pay more attention to primiparous women with less education, unemployed mothers, women
with unskilled occupations, women with an unhealthy baby, and women with a baby with a difficult
temperament to improve their comparatively lower MSE levels during the initial postnatal period.
Description
open access article
Citation : Zheng, X., Morrell, J. and Watts, K. (2018) A quantitative longitudinal study to explore factors which influence maternal self-efficacy among Chinese primiparous women during the initial postpartum period. Midwifery 58, pp. 39-46
Research Institute : Institute of Health, Health Policy and Social Care
Peer Reviewed : Yes